@@ -6,10 +6,15 @@ author: "Bjorn Stevens and Theresa Mieslinger"
# Good Scientific Practice
*Building trust in research. And in your own work.*
## What is it?
## What is it about?
Principles fomulated by the research community that define ***proper research behaviour*** with the aim to ensure a high quality, robustness and reproducibility of results (publications, data, code, software).
## Why should we care?
:::notes
* research aims to advance knowledge
* research is carried out by many actors, collaboratively, and thus, needs some rules.
:::
## How does the topic relate to this lecture series?
* guidlines for building software
* using own and other software/data
* communicating the usage of software/data
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@@ -36,6 +41,10 @@ Principles fomulated by the research community that define ***proper research be
# Reliability & Reproducibility
:::notes
It's hard to know that you are right, but we'd like to know as quickly as possible when we are wrong.
:::
## What do we want to reproduce? {.special}
::: {.fragment}
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@@ -43,8 +52,8 @@ Principles fomulated by the research community that define ***proper research be
:::
::: {.notes}
* example: you run ICON to model future climate scenario for 2050
* example: calculate the orbit of EarthCARE
draw a line plot at the board and ask whether we need to reproduce bit-for-bit the underlying data.
Example: you run ICON to model future climate scenario for 2050
:::
## What do we need to save and how? {.special}
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@@ -75,6 +84,10 @@ Principles fomulated by the research community that define ***proper research be
* Derived data is easy to reproduce from accessible sources.
:::
## Data Management
* ensure that access to data is as open as possible, as closed as necessary
* data, metadata, protocols, code, software, and other research materials is saved for a reasonable and clearly stated period (typically 10 years)
## (Meta)data and [FAIR principles](https://www.go-fair.org/fair-principles/)
* **Findable**: unique identifiers, metadata registered in a searchable resource
* **Accessible**: (meta)data retrievable via standardized communication protocol
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@@ -109,6 +122,11 @@ Principles fomulated by the research community that define ***proper research be
:::fragment
*intent and usage*
:::
:::notes
Next to source code and data, we need documentation to reproduce an argument.
:::
##
### Documentation
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@@ -234,6 +252,10 @@ See also Python docstring conventions [PEP-257](https://peps.python.org/pep-0257
## Which tools shall we use? {.special}
:::notes
We have data and documentation, so which software tools shall we use?
:::
## Open Source / Open Development
*Open source is a decentralized software development model that encourages collaboration.*
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@@ -269,7 +291,7 @@ See also Python docstring conventions [PEP-257](https://peps.python.org/pep-0257
> To protect the integrity of authorship, only persons who have significantly contributed to the research and paper preparation should be listed as authors. [-- ACP](https://publications.copernicus.org/for_authors/obligations_for_authors.html)
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## Which contributions qualify for authorship? {.speical}
## Which contributions qualify for authorship? {.special}
## Authorship
:::leftalign
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@@ -277,9 +299,7 @@ See also Python docstring conventions [PEP-257](https://peps.python.org/pep-0257
* the conception or design of the work
* the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work
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:::fragment
**Authorship implies responsibility and accountability for the published work.**
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@@ -310,6 +330,16 @@ Typically used to acknowledge
* The provision of data, model output, or the use of a model, that has been published in a previous study does not constitute a basis for authorship.
:::
## Does ChatGPT qualify for authorship? {.special}
:::fragment
*No, because they cannot be responsible for the accuracy, integrity, and originality of the work.*
:::
:::notes
ChatGPT's answer: No. [...] AI systems like ChatGPT can provide immense help in information search, organization, and preliminary drafting, they don't possess the capability to understand, interpret, or conceptualize the results of a research study or to take responsibility for it.
:::
## Using and declaring Artificial Intelligence (AI)
:::leftalign
The usage of AI needs to be declared in the respective section:
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@@ -319,18 +349,8 @@ The usage of AI needs to be declared in the respective section:
* if AI was used for data collection, analysis, or figure generation -> methods section
:::
:::fragment
**Humans / authors are still responsable for any published material, also if it includes AI-assisted technology**
:::
:::
## Does ChatGPT qualify for authorship? {.special}
:::fragment
*No, because they cannot be responsible for the accuracy, integrity, and originality of the work.*
**Authors are still responsible for any published material, also if it includes AI-assisted technology**
:::
:::notes
ChatGPT's answer: No. [...] AI systems like ChatGPT can provide immense help in information search, organization, and preliminary drafting, they don't possess the capability to understand, interpret, or conceptualize the results of a research study or to take responsibility for it.
:::
## Intellectual Property (IP) rights
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@@ -377,7 +397,7 @@ Two main legal concepts relevant for software:
## Is AI-generated work protected by copyright? {.special}
:::fragment
*Many countries do not put AI-generated work under copyright. But the status is unclear.*
*Unclear. Many countries do not put AI-generated work under copyright, but others do (e.g. China).*
