Add processor and memory speed (check Levante numbers)

lectures/memory-hierarchies/slides.qmd

@@ -19,6 +19,16 @@ author: "Dominik Zobel and Florian Ziemen"
 
 
 
+## Processor speed vs. memory speed
+
+![](static/speed.png){width=70%}
+
+:::{.smaller}
+Based on figure from "Computer Architecture" by _J. Hennessy_ and _D. Patterson_
+:::
+
+
+
 ## Access time example (1/2) {.leftalign}
 
 <!--
@@ -238,7 +248,7 @@ T_{avg,s} &= H_1 T_1 + ((1-H_1)\cdot H_2)\cdot(T_1+T_2)\\
 
 
 
-## Memory Pyramid
+## Memory Pyramid (upwards)
 
 
 :::{.r-stack}
@@ -259,6 +269,127 @@ T_{avg,s} &= H_1 T_1 + ((1-H_1)\cdot H_2)\cdot(T_1+T_2)\\
 
 
 
+## Memory Pyramid (downwards) - check numbers {auto-animate=true}
+
+Order of magnitude on Levante (AMD EPYC 7763)
+
+- Base frequency: 2.45 GHz
+
+
+## Memory Pyramid (downwards) - check numbers {auto-animate=true}
+
+Order of magnitude on Levante (AMD EPYC 7763)
+
+               Access time (ns)    Capacity
+------------   -----------------   ---------
+Register       ~0.4                1 KB
+
+
+:::{.incremental}
+
+ - L1 Cache about 3 times slower
+
+:::
+
+
+## Memory Pyramid (downwards) - check numbers {auto-animate=true}
+
+Order of magnitude on Levante (AMD EPYC 7763)
+
+               Access time (ns)    Capacity
+------------   -----------------   ---------
+Register       ~0.4                1 KB
+L1 Cache       ~1.1                32 KB
+
+:::{.incremental}
+
+ - Same factors for L2 and L3
+
+:::
+
+
+## Memory Pyramid (downwards) - check numbers {auto-animate=true}
+
+Order of magnitude on Levante (AMD EPYC 7763)
+
+               Access time (ns)    Capacity
+------------   -----------------   ---------
+Register       ~0.4                1 KB
+L1 Cache       ~1.1                32 KB
+L2 Cache       ~3.3                512 KB
+L3 Cache       ~12.8               32 MB
+
+:::{.incremental}
+
+ - 256 GB of main memory (default) with a theoretical memory bandwidth of ~200 GB/s
+
+:::
+
+
+
+## Memory Pyramid (downwards) - check numbers {auto-animate=true}
+
+Order of magnitude on Levante (AMD EPYC 7763)
+
+               Access time (ns)    Capacity
+------------   -----------------   ---------
+Register       ~0.4                1 KB
+L1 Cache       ~1.1                32 KB
+L2 Cache       ~3.3                512 KB
+L3 Cache       ~12.8               32 MB
+Main Memory    60                  256 GB
+
+:::{.incremental}
+
+ - Fast Data as Flash based file system
+
+:::
+
+
+
+## Memory Pyramid (downwards) - check numbers {auto-animate=true}
+
+Order of magnitude on Levante (AMD EPYC 7763)
+
+               Access time (ns)    Capacity
+------------   -----------------   ---------
+Register       ~0.4                1 KB
+L1 Cache       ~1.1                32 KB
+L2 Cache       ~3.3                512 KB
+L3 Cache       ~12.8               32 MB
+Main Memory    60                  256 GB
+SSD            100                 1 PB
+
+:::{.incremental}
+
+ - File system at Levante ~130 PB, limited by quota for project
+
+:::
+
+
+
+## Memory Pyramid (downwards) - check numbers {auto-animate=true}
+
+Order of magnitude on Levante (AMD EPYC 7763)
+
+               Access time (ns)    Capacity
+------------   -----------------   ---------
+Register       ~0.4                1 KB
+L1 Cache       ~1.1                32 KB
+L2 Cache       ~3.3                512 KB
+L3 Cache       ~12.8               32 MB
+Main Memory    ~60                 256 GB
+SSD            ~100                1 PB
+Hard disk      ~3000               130 PB
+
+:::{.incremental}
+
+ - Tape backup also possible
+
+:::
+
+
+
 ## Memory Mountain (1/2)
 
 Describe what is done
@@ -295,4 +426,4 @@ $\approx$ Factor 20 between best and worst access
 # Resources {.leftalign}
 
  - "Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective" by _R. Bryant_ and _D. O'Hallaron_, Pearson
-
+ - "Computer Architecture" by _J. Hennessy_ and _D. Patterson_, O'Reilly