cdi.h

/*
  CDI C header file

  This is the only file that must be included to use the CDI library from C.
*/

#ifndef  CDI_H_
#define  CDI_H_

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif


#define  CDI_MAX_NAME             256   // max length of a name

#define  CDI_UNDEFID               -1
#define  CDI_GLOBAL                -1   // Global var ID for vlist

/* Byte order */

#define  CDI_BIGENDIAN              0   // Byte order BIGENDIAN
#define  CDI_LITTLEENDIAN           1   // Byte order LITTLEENDIAN
#define  CDI_PDPENDIAN              2

#define  CDI_REAL                   1   // Real numbers
#define  CDI_COMP                   2   // Complex numbers
#define  CDI_BOTH                   3   // Both numbers

/* Error identifier */

#define	 CDI_NOERR        	    0   // No Error
#define  CDI_EEOF                  -1   // The end of file was encountered
#define  CDI_ESYSTEM              -10   // Operating system error
#define  CDI_EINVAL               -20   // Invalid argument
#define  CDI_EISDIR               -21   // Is a directory
#define  CDI_EISEMPTY             -22   // Is empty
#define  CDI_EUFTYPE              -23   // Unsupported file type
#define  CDI_ELIBNAVAIL           -24   // xxx library not available
#define  CDI_EUFSTRUCT            -25   // Unsupported file structure
#define  CDI_EUNC4                -26   // Unsupported NetCDF4 structure
#define  CDI_EDIMSIZE             -27   // Invalid dimension size
#define  CDI_ELIMIT               -99   // Internal limits exceeded

/* File types */

#define  CDI_FILETYPE_GRB           1   // File type GRIB
#define  CDI_FILETYPE_GRB2          2   // File type GRIB version 2
#define  CDI_FILETYPE_NC            3   // File type NetCDF
#define  CDI_FILETYPE_NC2           4   // File type NetCDF version 2 (64-bit offset)
#define  CDI_FILETYPE_NC4           5   // File type NetCDF version 4
#define  CDI_FILETYPE_NC4C          6   // File type NetCDF version 4 (classic)
#define  CDI_FILETYPE_NC5           7   // File type NetCDF version 5 (64-bit data)
#define  CDI_FILETYPE_SRV           8   // File type SERVICE
#define  CDI_FILETYPE_EXT           9   // File type EXTRA
#define  CDI_FILETYPE_IEG          10   // File type IEG

#define  FILETYPE_GRB           1
#define  FILETYPE_GRB2          2
#define  FILETYPE_NC            3
#define  FILETYPE_NC2           4
#define  FILETYPE_NC4           5
#define  FILETYPE_NC4C          6
#define  FILETYPE_SRV           7
#define  FILETYPE_EXT           8
#define  FILETYPE_IEG           9

/* Compress types */

#define  CDI_COMPRESS_NONE          0
#define  CDI_COMPRESS_SZIP          1
#define  CDI_COMPRESS_GZIP          2
#define  CDI_COMPRESS_BZIP2         3
#define  CDI_COMPRESS_ZIP           4
#define  CDI_COMPRESS_JPEG          5

/* external data types */

#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK          0
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK1         1
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK2         2
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK3         3
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK4         4
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK5         5
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK6         6
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK7         7
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK8         8
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK9         9
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK10       10
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK11       11
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK12       12
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK13       13
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK14       14
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK15       15
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK16       16
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK17       17
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK18       18
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK19       19
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK20       20
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK21       21
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK22       22
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK23       23
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK24       24
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK25       25
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK26       26
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK27       27
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK28       28
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK29       29
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK30       30
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK31       31
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_PACK32       32
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_CPX32        64
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_CPX64       128
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_FLT32       132
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_FLT64       164
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_INT8        208
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_INT16       216
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_INT32       232
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_UINT8       308
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_UINT16      316
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_UINT32      332

#define  DATATYPE_PACK            0
#define  DATATYPE_PACK8           8
#define  DATATYPE_PACK16         16
#define  DATATYPE_PACK24         24
#define  DATATYPE_FLT32         132
#define  DATATYPE_FLT64         164
#define  DATATYPE_INT32         232

/* internal data types */
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_INT         251
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_FLT         252
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_TXT         253
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_CPX         254
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_UCHAR       255
#define  CDI_DATATYPE_LONG        256

#define  DATATYPE_INT           251
#define  DATATYPE_FLT           252
#define  DATATYPE_TXT           253
#define  DATATYPE_CPX           254
#define  DATATYPE_UCHAR         255
#define  DATATYPE_LONG          256

/* Chunks */

#define  CDI_CHUNK_AUTO             1  /* use default chunk size                                */
#define  CDI_CHUNK_GRID             2
#define  CDI_CHUNK_LINES            3

/* GRID types */

#define  GRID_GENERIC               1  /* Generic grid                                          */
#define  GRID_GAUSSIAN              2  /* Regular Gaussian lon/lat grid                         */
#define  GRID_GAUSSIAN_REDUCED      3  /* Reduced Gaussian lon/lat grid                         */
#define  GRID_LONLAT                4  /* Regular longitude/latitude grid                       */
#define  GRID_SPECTRAL              5  /* Spherical harmonic coefficients                       */
#define  GRID_FOURIER               6  /* Fourier coefficients                                  */
#define  GRID_GME                   7  /* Icosahedral-hexagonal GME grid                        */
#define  GRID_TRAJECTORY            8  /* Trajectory                                            */
#define  GRID_UNSTRUCTURED          9  /* General unstructured grid                             */
#define  GRID_CURVILINEAR          10  /* Curvilinear grid                                      */
#define  GRID_LCC                  11  /* Lambert Conformal Conic (GRIB)                        */
#define  GRID_PROJECTION           12  /* Projected coordinates                                 */
#define  GRID_CHARXY               13  /* One horizontal character dimension                    */

#define  CDI_PROJ_RLL              21  /* Rotated Latitude Longitude                            */
#define  CDI_PROJ_LCC              22  /* Lambert Conformal Conic                               */
#define  CDI_PROJ_LAEA             23  /* Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area                          */
#define  CDI_PROJ_SINU             24  /* Sinusoidal                                            */

/* ZAXIS types */

#define  ZAXIS_SURFACE              0  /* Surface level                                         */
#define  ZAXIS_GENERIC              1  /* Generic level                                         */
#define  ZAXIS_HYBRID               2  /* Hybrid level                                          */
#define  ZAXIS_HYBRID_HALF          3  /* Hybrid half level                                     */
#define  ZAXIS_PRESSURE             4  /* Isobaric pressure level in Pascal                     */
#define  ZAXIS_HEIGHT               5  /* Height above ground                                   */
#define  ZAXIS_DEPTH_BELOW_SEA      6  /* Depth below sea level in meters                       */
#define  ZAXIS_DEPTH_BELOW_LAND     7  /* Depth below land surface in centimeters               */
#define  ZAXIS_ISENTROPIC           8  /* Isentropic                                            */
#define  ZAXIS_TRAJECTORY           9  /* Trajectory                                            */
#define  ZAXIS_ALTITUDE            10  /* Altitude above mean sea level in meters               */
#define  ZAXIS_SIGMA               11  /* Sigma level                                           */
#define  ZAXIS_MEANSEA             12  /* Mean sea level                                        */
#define  ZAXIS_TOA                 13  /* Norminal top of atmosphere                            */
#define  ZAXIS_SEA_BOTTOM          14  /* Sea bottom                                            */
#define  ZAXIS_ATMOSPHERE          15  /* Entire atmosphere                                     */
#define  ZAXIS_CLOUD_BASE          16  /* Cloud base level                                      */
#define  ZAXIS_CLOUD_TOP           17  /* Level of cloud tops                                   */
#define  ZAXIS_ISOTHERM_ZERO       18  /* Level of 0o C isotherm                                */
#define  ZAXIS_SNOW                19  /* Snow level                                            */
#define  ZAXIS_LAKE_BOTTOM         20  /* Lake or River Bottom                                  */
#define  ZAXIS_SEDIMENT_BOTTOM     21  /* Bottom Of Sediment Layer                              */
#define  ZAXIS_SEDIMENT_BOTTOM_TA  22  /* Bottom Of Thermally Active Sediment Layer             */
#define  ZAXIS_SEDIMENT_BOTTOM_TW  23  /* Bottom Of Sediment Layer Penetrated By Thermal Wave   */
#define  ZAXIS_MIX_LAYER           24  /* Mixing Layer                                          */
#define  ZAXIS_REFERENCE           25  /* zaxis reference number                                */
#define  ZAXIS_CHAR                26  /* Area types                                            */

/* SUBTYPE types */

enum {
  SUBTYPE_TILES                         = 0  /* Tiles variable                                  */
};

#define MAX_KV_PAIRS_MATCH 10

/* Data structure defining a key-value search, possibly with multiple
   key-value pairs in combination.

   Currently, only multiple pairs combined by AND are supported.
*/
typedef struct  {
  int nAND;                                   /* no. of key-value pairs that have to match */
  int key_value_pairs[2][MAX_KV_PAIRS_MATCH]; /* key-value pairs */
} subtype_query_t;



/* TIME types */

#define  TIME_CONSTANT              0  /* obsolate, use TSTEP_CONSTANT                          */
#define  TIME_VARIABLE              1  /* obsolate, use TSTEP_INSTANT                           */

/* TSTEP types */

#define  TSTEP_CONSTANT             0  /* Constant            */
#define  TSTEP_INSTANT              1  /* Instant             */
#define  TSTEP_AVG                  2  /* Average             */
#define  TSTEP_ACCUM                3  /* Accumulation        */
#define  TSTEP_MAX                  4  /* Maximum             */
#define  TSTEP_MIN                  5  /* Minimum             */
#define  TSTEP_DIFF                 6  /* Difference          */
#define  TSTEP_RMS                  7  /* Root mean square    */
#define  TSTEP_SD                   8  /* Standard deviation  */
#define  TSTEP_COV                  9  /* Covariance          */
#define  TSTEP_RATIO               10  /* Ratio               */
#define  TSTEP_RANGE               11
#define  TSTEP_INSTANT2            12
#define  TSTEP_INSTANT3            13

/* TAXIS types */

#define  TAXIS_ABSOLUTE           1
#define  TAXIS_RELATIVE           2
#define  TAXIS_FORECAST           3

/* TUNIT types */

#define  TUNIT_SECOND             1
#define  TUNIT_MINUTE             2
#define  TUNIT_QUARTER            3
#define  TUNIT_30MINUTES          4
#define  TUNIT_HOUR               5
#define  TUNIT_3HOURS             6
#define  TUNIT_6HOURS             7
#define  TUNIT_12HOURS            8
#define  TUNIT_DAY                9
#define  TUNIT_MONTH             10
#define  TUNIT_YEAR              11

/* CALENDAR types */

#define  CALENDAR_STANDARD        0  /* don't change this value (used also in cgribexlib)! */
#define  CALENDAR_GREGORIAN       1
#define  CALENDAR_PROLEPTIC       2
#define  CALENDAR_360DAYS         3
#define  CALENDAR_365DAYS         4
#define  CALENDAR_366DAYS         5
#define  CALENDAR_NONE            6

/* number of unsigned char needed to store UUID */
#define  CDI_UUID_SIZE           16

/* Structs that are used to return data to the user */

typedef struct CdiParam { int discipline; int category; int number; } CdiParam;


/* Opaque types */
typedef struct CdiIterator CdiIterator;
typedef struct CdiGribIterator CdiGribIterator;

/* CDI control routines */

void    cdiReset(void);

const char *cdiStringError(int cdiErrno);

void    cdiDebug(int debug);

const char *cdiLibraryVersion(void);
void    cdiPrintVersion(void);

int     cdiHaveFiletype(int filetype);

void    cdiDefMissval(double missval);
double  cdiInqMissval(void);
void    cdiDefGlobal(const char *string, int val);

int     namespaceNew(void);
void    namespaceSetActive(int namespaceID);
int     namespaceGetActive(void);
void    namespaceDelete(int namespaceID);


/* CDI converter routines */

/* parameter */

void    cdiParamToString(int param, char *paramstr, int maxlen);

void    cdiDecodeParam(int param, int *pnum, int *pcat, int *pdis);
int     cdiEncodeParam(int pnum, int pcat, int pdis);

/* date format:  YYYYMMDD */
/* time format:    hhmmss */

void    cdiDecodeDate(int date, int *year, int *month, int *day);
int     cdiEncodeDate(int year, int month, int day);

void    cdiDecodeTime(int time, int *hour, int *minute, int *second);
int     cdiEncodeTime(int hour, int minute, int second);


/* STREAM control routines */

int     cdiGetFiletype(const char *path, int *byteorder);

/*      streamOpenRead: Open a dataset for reading */
int     streamOpenRead(const char *path);

/*      streamOpenWrite: Create a new dataset */
int     streamOpenWrite(const char *path, int filetype);

int     streamOpenAppend(const char *path);

/*      streamClose: Close an open dataset */
void    streamClose(int streamID);

/*      streamSync: Synchronize an Open Dataset to Disk */
void    streamSync(int streamID);

/*      streamDefVlist: Define the Vlist for a stream */
void    streamDefVlist(int streamID, int vlistID);

/*      streamInqVlist: Get the Vlist of a stream */
int     streamInqVlist(int streamID);

/*      streamInqFiletype: Get the filetype */
int     streamInqFiletype(int streamID);

/*      streamDefByteorder: Define the byteorder */
void    streamDefByteorder(int streamID, int byteorder);

/*      streamInqByteorder: Get the byteorder */
int     streamInqByteorder(int streamID);

/*      streamDefCompType: Define compression type */
void    streamDefCompType(int streamID, int comptype);

/*      streamInqCompType: Get compression type */
int     streamInqCompType(int streamID);

/*      streamDefCompLevel: Define compression level */
void    streamDefCompLevel(int streamID, int complevel);

/*      streamInqCompLevel: Get compression level */
int     streamInqCompLevel(int streamID);

/*      streamDefTimestep: Define time step */
int     streamDefTimestep(int streamID, int tsID);

/*      streamInqTimestep: Get time step */
int     streamInqTimestep(int streamID, int tsID);

/*      PIO: query currently set timestep id  */
int     streamInqCurTimestepID(int streamID);

const char *streamFilename(int streamID);
const char *streamFilesuffix(int filetype);

off_t   streamNvals(int streamID);

int     streamInqNvars(int streamID);

/* STREAM var I/O routines (random access) */

/*      streamWriteVar: Write a variable */
void    streamWriteVar(int streamID, int varID, const double data[], int nmiss);
void    streamWriteVarF(int streamID, int varID, const float data[], int nmiss);

/*      streamReadVar: Read a variable */
void    streamReadVar(int streamID, int varID, double data[], int *nmiss);
void    streamReadVarF(int streamID, int varID, float data[], int *nmiss);

/*      streamWriteVarSlice: Write a horizontal slice of a variable */
void    streamWriteVarSlice(int streamID, int varID, int levelID, const double data[], int nmiss);
void    streamWriteVarSliceF(int streamID, int varID, int levelID, const float data[], int nmiss);

/*      streamReadVarSlice: Read a horizontal slice of a variable */
void    streamReadVarSlice(int streamID, int varID, int levelID, double data[], int *nmiss);
void    streamReadVarSliceF(int streamID, int varID, int levelID, float data[], int *nmiss);

void    streamWriteVarChunk(int streamID, int varID, const int rect[3][2], const double data[], int nmiss);


/* STREAM record I/O routines (sequential access) */

void    streamDefRecord(int streamID, int  varID, int  levelID);
void    streamInqRecord(int streamID, int *varID, int *levelID);
void    streamWriteRecord(int streamID, const double data[], int nmiss);
void    streamWriteRecordF(int streamID, const float data[], int nmiss);
void    streamReadRecord(int streamID, double data[], int *nmiss);
void    streamReadRecordF(int streamID, float data[], int *nmiss);
void    streamCopyRecord(int streamIDdest, int streamIDsrc);

void    streamInqGRIBinfo(int streamID, int *intnum, float *fltnum, off_t *bignum);


/* File driven I/O (may yield better performance than using the streamXXX functions) */

//Creation & Destruction
CdiIterator *cdiIterator_new(const char *path);  //Requires a subsequent call to cdiIteratorNextField() to point the iterator at the first field.
CdiIterator *cdiIterator_clone(CdiIterator *me);
char *cdiIterator_serialize(CdiIterator *me);  //Returns a malloc'ed string.
CdiIterator *cdiIterator_deserialize(const char *description);  //description is a string that was returned by cdiIteratorSerialize(). Returns a copy of the original iterator.
void cdiIterator_print(CdiIterator *me, FILE *stream);
void cdiIterator_delete(CdiIterator *me);

//Advancing an iterator
int cdiIterator_nextField(CdiIterator *me);      //Points the iterator at the next field, returns CDI_EEOF if there are no more fields in the file.

//Introspecting metadata
//All outXXX arguments to these functions may be NULL.
char *cdiIterator_inqStartTime(CdiIterator *me);      //Returns the (start) time as an ISO-8601 coded string. The caller is responsible to Free() the returned string.
char *cdiIterator_inqEndTime(CdiIterator *me);      //Returns the end time of an integration period as an ISO-8601 coded string, or NULL if there is no end time. The caller is responsible to Free() the returned string.
char *cdiIterator_inqRTime(CdiIterator *me);      //Returns the reference date as an ISO-8601 coded string. The caller is responsible to Free() the returned string.
char *cdiIterator_inqVTime(CdiIterator *me);      //Returns the validity date as an ISO-8601 coded string. The caller is responsible to Free() the returned string.
int cdiIterator_inqLevelType(CdiIterator *me, int levelSelector, char **outName_optional, char **outLongName_optional, char **outStdName_optional, char **outUnit_optional);      //callers are responsible to Free() strings that they request
int cdiIterator_inqLevel(CdiIterator *me, int levelSelector, double *outValue1_optional, double *outValue2_optional);       //outValue2 is only written to if the level is a hybrid level
int cdiIterator_inqLevelUuid(CdiIterator *me, int *outVgridNumber_optional, int *outLevelCount_optional, unsigned char outUuid_optional[CDI_UUID_SIZE]);   //outUuid must point to a buffer of 16 bytes, returns an error code if no generalized zaxis is used.
int cdiIterator_inqTile(CdiIterator *me, int *outTileIndex, int *outTileAttribute); //Returns CDI_EINVAL if there is no tile information connected to the current field, *outTileIndex and *outTileAttribute will be set to -1 in this case.
int cdiIterator_inqTileCount(CdiIterator *me, int *outTileCount, int *outTileAttributeCount); //outTileAttributeCount is the count for the tile associated with the current field, a total attribute count cannot be inquired. Returns CDI_EINVAL if there is no tile information connected to the current field, *outTileCount and *outTileAttributeCount will be set to 0 in this case.
CdiParam cdiIterator_inqParam(CdiIterator *me);
void cdiIterator_inqParamParts(CdiIterator *me, int *outDiscipline, int *outCategory, int *outNumber);	//Some FORTRAN compilers produce wrong code for the cdiIterator_inqParam()-wrapper, rendering it unusable from FORTRAN. This function is the workaround.
int cdiIterator_inqDatatype(CdiIterator *me);
int cdiIterator_inqTsteptype(CdiIterator *me);
char *cdiIterator_inqVariableName(CdiIterator *me);        //The caller is responsible to Free() the returned buffer.
int cdiIterator_inqGridId(CdiIterator *me);         //The returned id is only valid until the next call to cdiIteratorNextField().

//Reading data
void cdiIterator_readField(CdiIterator *me, double data[], size_t *nmiss_optional);
void cdiIterator_readFieldF(CdiIterator *me, float data[], size_t *nmiss_optional);
//TODO[NH]: Add functions to read partial fields.


//Direct access to grib fields
CdiGribIterator *cdiGribIterator_clone(CdiIterator *me);  //Returns NULL if the associated file is not a GRIB file.
void cdiGribIterator_delete(CdiGribIterator *me);

//Callthroughs to GRIB-API
int cdiGribIterator_getLong(CdiGribIterator *me, const char *key, long *value); //Same semantics as grib_get_long().
int cdiGribIterator_getDouble(CdiGribIterator *me, const char *key, double *value); //Same semantics as grib_get_double().
int cdiGribIterator_getLength(CdiGribIterator *me, const char *key, size_t *value);     //Same semantics as grib_get_length().
int cdiGribIterator_getString(CdiGribIterator *me, const char *key, char *value, size_t *length);       //Same semantics as grib_get_string().
int cdiGribIterator_getSize(CdiGribIterator *me, const char *key, size_t *value);     //Same semantics as grib_get_size().
int cdiGribIterator_getLongArray(CdiGribIterator *me, const char *key, long *value, size_t *array_size);       //Same semantics as grib_get_long_array().
int cdiGribIterator_getDoubleArray(CdiGribIterator *me, const char *key, double *value, size_t *array_size);       //Same semantics as grib_get_double_array().

//Convenience functions for accessing GRIB-API keys
int cdiGribIterator_inqEdition(CdiGribIterator *me);
long cdiGribIterator_inqLongValue(CdiGribIterator *me, const char *key);   //Aborts on failure to fetch the given key.
long cdiGribIterator_inqLongDefaultValue(CdiGribIterator *me, const char *key, long defaultValue); //Returns the default value if the given key is not present.
double cdiGribIterator_inqDoubleValue(CdiGribIterator *me, const char *key);   //Aborts on failure to fetch the given key.
double cdiGribIterator_inqDoubleDefaultValue(CdiGribIterator *me, const char *key, double defaultValue); //Returns the default value if the given key is not present.
char *cdiGribIterator_inqStringValue(CdiGribIterator *me, const char *key);        //Returns a malloc'ed string.

/* VLIST routines */

/*      vlistCreate: Create a variable list */
int     vlistCreate(void);

/*      vlistDestroy: Destroy a variable list */
void    vlistDestroy(int vlistID);

/*      vlistDuplicate: Duplicate a variable list */
int     vlistDuplicate(int vlistID);

/*      vlistCopy: Copy a variable list */
void    vlistCopy(int vlistID2, int vlistID1);

/*      vlistCopyFlag: Copy some entries of a variable list */
void    vlistCopyFlag(int vlistID2, int vlistID1);

void    vlistClearFlag(int vlistID);

/*      vlistCat: Concatenate two variable lists */
void    vlistCat(int vlistID2, int vlistID1);

/*      vlistMerge: Merge two variable lists */
void    vlistMerge(int vlistID2, int vlistID1);

void    vlistPrint(int vlistID);

/*      vlistNumber: Number type in a variable list */
int     vlistNumber(int vlistID);

/*      vlistNvars: Number of variables in a variable list */
int     vlistNvars(int vlistID);

/*      vlistNgrids: Number of grids in a variable list */
int     vlistNgrids(int vlistID);

/*      vlistNzaxis: Number of zaxis in a variable list */
int     vlistNzaxis(int vlistID);

/*      vlistNsubtypes: Number of subtypes in a variable list */
int     vlistNsubtypes(int vlistID);

void    vlistDefNtsteps(int vlistID, int nts);
int     vlistNtsteps(int vlistID);
int     vlistGridsizeMax(int vlistID);
int     vlistGrid(int vlistID, int index);
int     vlistGridIndex(int vlistID, int gridID);
void    vlistChangeGridIndex(int vlistID, int index, int gridID);
void    vlistChangeGrid(int vlistID, int gridID1, int gridID2);
int     vlistZaxis(int vlistID, int index);
int     vlistZaxisIndex(int vlistID, int zaxisID);
void    vlistChangeZaxisIndex(int vlistID, int index, int zaxisID);
void    vlistChangeZaxis(int vlistID, int zaxisID1, int zaxisID2);
int     vlistNrecs(int vlistID);
int     vlistSubtype(int vlistID, int index);
int     vlistSubtypeIndex(int vlistID, int subtypeID);

/*      vlistDefTaxis: Define the time axis of a variable list */
void    vlistDefTaxis(int vlistID, int taxisID);

/*      vlistInqTaxis: Get the time axis of a variable list */
int     vlistInqTaxis(int vlistID);

void    vlistDefTable(int vlistID, int tableID);
int     vlistInqTable(int vlistID);
void    vlistDefInstitut(int vlistID, int instID);
int     vlistInqInstitut(int vlistID);
void    vlistDefModel(int vlistID, int modelID);
int     vlistInqModel(int vlistID);


/* VLIST VAR routines */

/*      vlistDefVarTiles: Create a new tile-based variable */
int     vlistDefVarTiles(int vlistID, int gridID, int zaxisID, int tsteptype, int tilesetID);

/*      vlistDefVar: Create a new variable */
int     vlistDefVar(int vlistID, int gridID, int zaxisID, int tsteptype);

void    vlistChangeVarGrid(int vlistID, int varID, int gridID);
void    vlistChangeVarZaxis(int vlistID, int varID, int zaxisID);

void    vlistInqVar(int vlistID, int varID, int *gridID, int *zaxisID, int *tsteptype);
int     vlistInqVarGrid(int vlistID, int varID);
int     vlistInqVarZaxis(int vlistID, int varID);

/* used in MPIOM */
int     vlistInqVarID(int vlistID, int code);

void    vlistDefVarTsteptype(int vlistID, int varID, int tsteptype);

/*      vlistInqVarTsteptype: Get the timestep type of a Variable */
int     vlistInqVarTsteptype(int vlistID, int varID);

void    vlistDefVarCompType(int vlistID, int varID, int comptype);
int     vlistInqVarCompType(int vlistID, int varID);
void    vlistDefVarCompLevel(int vlistID, int varID, int complevel);
int     vlistInqVarCompLevel(int vlistID, int varID);

/*      vlistDefVarParam: Define the parameter number of a Variable */
void    vlistDefVarParam(int vlistID, int varID, int param);

/*      vlistInqVarParam: Get the parameter number of a Variable */
int     vlistInqVarParam(int vlistID, int varID);

/*      vlistDefVarCode: Define the code number of a Variable */
void    vlistDefVarCode(int vlistID, int varID, int code);

/*      vlistInqVarCode: Get the code number of a Variable */
int     vlistInqVarCode(int vlistID, int varID);

/*      vlistDefVarDatatype: Define the data type of a Variable */
void    vlistDefVarDatatype(int vlistID, int varID, int datatype);

/*      vlistInqVarDatatype: Get the data type of a Variable */
int     vlistInqVarDatatype(int vlistID, int varID);

void    vlistDefVarChunkType(int vlistID, int varID, int chunktype);
int     vlistInqVarChunkType(int vlistID, int varID);

void    vlistDefVarXYZ(int vlistID, int varID, int xyz);
int     vlistInqVarXYZ(int vlistID, int varID);

int     vlistInqVarNumber(int vlistID, int varID);

void    vlistDefVarInstitut(int vlistID, int varID, int instID);
int     vlistInqVarInstitut(int vlistID, int varID);
void    vlistDefVarModel(int vlistID, int varID, int modelID);
int     vlistInqVarModel(int vlistID, int varID);
void    vlistDefVarTable(int vlistID, int varID, int tableID);
int     vlistInqVarTable(int vlistID, int varID);

/*      vlistDefVarName: Define the name of a Variable */
void    vlistDefVarName(int vlistID, int varID, const char *name);

/*      vlistInqVarName: Get the name of a Variable */
void    vlistInqVarName(int vlistID, int varID, char *name);

/*      vlistCopyVarName: Safe and convenient version of vlistInqVarName */
char   *vlistCopyVarName(int vlistId, int varId);

/*      vlistDefVarStdname: Define the standard name of a Variable */
void    vlistDefVarStdname(int vlistID, int varID, const char *stdname);

/*      vlistInqVarStdname: Get the standard name of a Variable */
void    vlistInqVarStdname(int vlistID, int varID, char *stdname);

/*      vlistDefVarLongname: Define the long name of a Variable */
void    vlistDefVarLongname(int vlistID, int varID, const char *longname);

/*      vlistInqVarLongname: Get the long name of a Variable */
void    vlistInqVarLongname(int vlistID, int varID, char *longname);

/*      vlistDefVarUnits: Define the units of a Variable */
void    vlistDefVarUnits(int vlistID, int varID, const char *units);

/*      vlistInqVarUnits: Get the units of a Variable */
void    vlistInqVarUnits(int vlistID, int varID, char *units);

/*      vlistDefVarMissval: Define the missing value of a Variable */
void    vlistDefVarMissval(int vlistID, int varID, double missval);

/*      vlistInqVarMissval: Get the missing value of a Variable */
double  vlistInqVarMissval(int vlistID, int varID);

/*      vlistDefVarExtra: Define extra information of a Variable */
void    vlistDefVarExtra(int vlistID, int varID, const char *extra);

/*      vlistInqVarExtra: Get extra information of a Variable */
void    vlistInqVarExtra(int vlistID, int varID, char *extra);

void    vlistDefVarScalefactor(int vlistID, int varID, double scalefactor);
double  vlistInqVarScalefactor(int vlistID, int varID);
void    vlistDefVarAddoffset(int vlistID, int varID, double addoffset);
double  vlistInqVarAddoffset(int vlistID, int varID);

void    vlistDefVarTimave(int vlistID, int varID, int timave);
int     vlistInqVarTimave(int vlistID, int varID);
void    vlistDefVarTimaccu(int vlistID, int varID, int timaccu);
int     vlistInqVarTimaccu(int vlistID, int varID);

void    vlistDefVarTypeOfGeneratingProcess(int vlistID, int varID, int typeOfGeneratingProcess);
int     vlistInqVarTypeOfGeneratingProcess(int vlistID, int varID);

void    vlistDefVarProductDefinitionTemplate(int vlistID, int varID, int productDefinitionTemplate);
int     vlistInqVarProductDefinitionTemplate(int vlistID, int varID);

int     vlistInqVarSize(int vlistID, int varID);

void    vlistDefIndex(int vlistID, int varID, int levID, int index);
int     vlistInqIndex(int vlistID, int varID, int levID);
void    vlistDefFlag(int vlistID, int varID, int levID, int flag);
int     vlistInqFlag(int vlistID, int varID, int levID);
int     vlistFindVar(int vlistID, int fvarID);
int     vlistFindLevel(int vlistID, int fvarID, int flevelID);
int     vlistMergedVar(int vlistID, int varID);
int     vlistMergedLevel(int vlistID, int varID, int levelID);

/*     Ensemble info routines */
void    vlistDefVarEnsemble(int vlistID, int varID, int ensID, int ensCount, int forecast_type);
int     vlistInqVarEnsemble(int vlistID, int varID, int *ensID, int *ensCount, int *forecast_type);

/* cdiClearAdditionalKeys: Clear the list of additional GRIB keys. */
void    cdiClearAdditionalKeys(void);
/* cdiDefAdditionalKey: Register an additional GRIB key which is read when file is opened. */
void    cdiDefAdditionalKey(const char *string);

/* vlistDefVarIntKey: Set an arbitrary keyword/integer value pair for GRIB API */
void    vlistDefVarIntKey(int vlistID, int varID, const char *name, int value);
/* vlistDefVarDblKey: Set an arbitrary keyword/double value pair for GRIB API */
void    vlistDefVarDblKey(int vlistID, int varID, const char *name, double value);

/* vlistHasVarKey: returns 1 if meta-data key was read, 0 otherwise. */
int     vlistHasVarKey(int vlistID, int varID, const char *name);
/* vlistInqVarDblKey: raw access to GRIB meta-data */
double  vlistInqVarDblKey(int vlistID, int varID, const char *name);
/* vlistInqVarIntKey: raw access to GRIB meta-data */
int     vlistInqVarIntKey(int vlistID, int varID, const char *name);

/* CDI attributes */

/*      cdiInqNatts: Get number of attributes assigned to this variable */
int     cdiInqNatts(int cdiID, int varID, int *nattsp);
/*      cdiInqAtt: Get information about an attribute */
int     cdiInqAtt(int cdiID, int varID, int attrnum, char *name, int *typep, int *lenp);
int     cdiDelAtt(int cdiID, int varID, const char *name);

int     cdiCopyAtts(int cdiID1, int varID1, int cdiID2, int varID2);

/*      cdiDefAttInt: Define an integer attribute */
int     cdiDefAttInt(int cdiID, int varID, const char *name, int type, int len, const int ip[]);
/*      cdiDefAttFlt: Define a floating point attribute */
int     cdiDefAttFlt(int cdiID, int varID, const char *name, int type, int len, const double dp[]);
/*      cdiDefAttTxt: Define a text attribute */
int     cdiDefAttTxt(int cdiID, int varID, const char *name, int len, const char *tp_cbuf);

/*      cdiInqAttInt: Get the value(s) of an integer attribute */
int     cdiInqAttInt(int cdiID, int varID, const char *name, int mlen, int ip[]);
/*      cdiInqAttFlt: Get the value(s) of a floating point attribute */
int     cdiInqAttFlt(int cdiID, int varID, const char *name, int mlen, double dp[]);
/*      cdiInqAttTxt: Get the value(s) of a text attribute */
int     cdiInqAttTxt(int cdiID, int varID, const char *name, int mlen, char *tp_cbuf);


/* GRID routines */

void    gridName(int gridtype, char *gridname);
const char *gridNamePtr(int gridtype);

void    gridCompress(int gridID);

void    gridDefMaskGME(int gridID, const int mask[]);
int     gridInqMaskGME(int gridID, int mask[]);

void    gridDefMask(int gridID, const int mask[]);
int     gridInqMask(int gridID, int mask[]);

void    gridPrint(int gridID, int opt);

/*      gridCreate: Create a horizontal Grid */
int     gridCreate(int gridtype, int size);

/*      gridDestroy: Destroy a horizontal Grid */
void    gridDestroy(int gridID);

/*      gridDuplicate: Duplicate a Grid */
int     gridDuplicate(int gridID);

/*      gridDefProj: Define the projection ID of a Grid */
void    gridDefProj(int gridID, int projID);

/*      gridInqProj: Get the projection ID of a Grid */
int     gridInqProj(int gridID);

/*      gridInqProjType: Get the projection type */
int     gridInqProjType(int gridID);

/*      gridInqType: Get the type of a Grid */
int     gridInqType(int gridID);

/*      gridInqSize: Get the size of a Grid */
int     gridInqSize(int gridID);

/*      gridDefXsize: Define the size of a X-axis */
void    gridDefXsize(int gridID, int xsize);

/*      gridInqXsize: Get the size of a X-axis */
int     gridInqXsize(int gridID);

/*      gridDefYsize: Define the size of a Y-axis */
void    gridDefYsize(int gridID, int ysize);

/*      gridInqYsize: Get the size of a Y-axis */
int     gridInqYsize(int gridID);

/*      gridDefNP: Define the number of parallels between a pole and the equator */
void    gridDefNP(int gridID, int np);

/*      gridInqNP: Get the number of parallels between a pole and the equator */
int     gridInqNP(int gridID);

/*      gridDefXvals: Define the values of a X-axis */
void    gridDefXvals(int gridID, const double xvals[]);

/*      gridInqXvals: Get all values of a X-axis */
int     gridInqXvals(int gridID, double xvals[]);

/*      gridInqXIsc: Find out whether X-coordinate is of type CHAR */
int     gridInqXIsc(int gridID);

/*      gridInqXCvals: Get strings from X-axis in case grid is of type GRID_CHARXY */
int     gridInqXCvals(int gridID, char *xcvals[]);

/*      gridDefYvals: Define the values of a Y-axis */
void    gridDefYvals(int gridID, const double yvals[]);

/*      gridInqYvals: Get all values of a Y-axis */
int     gridInqYvals(int gridID, double yvals[]);

/*      gridInqYIsc: Find out whether Y-coordinate is of type CHAR */
int     gridInqYIsc(int gridID);

/*      gridInqYCvals: Get strings from Y-axis in case grid is of type GRID_CHARXY */
int     gridInqYCvals(int gridID, char *ycvals[]);

/* CDI grid string key values */
#define  CDI_KEY_XNAME       901  // X-axis name
#define  CDI_KEY_XDIMNAME    902  // X-axis dimension name
#define  CDI_KEY_XLONGNAME   903  // X-axis longname
#define  CDI_KEY_XUNITS      904  // X-axis units
#define  CDI_KEY_YNAME       911  // Y-axis name
#define  CDI_KEY_YDIMNAME    912  // Y-axis dimension name
#define  CDI_KEY_YLONGNAME   913  // Y-axis longname
#define  CDI_KEY_YUNITS      914  // Y-axis units
#define  CDI_KEY_VDIMNAME    920  // Vertex dimension name
#define  CDI_KEY_MAPPING     921  // Grid mapping var name
#define  CDI_KEY_MAPNAME     922  // Grid mapping name

/* CDI zaxis string key values */
#define  CDI_KEY_NAME        941  // Z-axis name
#define  CDI_KEY_DIMNAME     942  // Z-axis dimension name
#define  CDI_KEY_LONGNAME    943  // Z-axis longname
#define  CDI_KEY_UNITS       944  // Z-axis units
#define  CDI_KEY_PSNAME      950  // Z-axis surface pressure name
#define  CDI_KEY_P0NAME      951  // Z-axis reference pressure name
#define  CDI_KEY_P0VALUE     952  // Z-axis reference pressure in Pa

//      cdiGridDefKeyStr: Define a CDI grid string value from a key
int     cdiGridDefKeyStr(int gridID, int key, int size, const char *mesg);

//      cdiGridInqKeyStr: Get a CDI grid string value from a key
int     cdiGridInqKeyStr(int gridID, int key, int size, char *mesg);

//      cdiZaxisDefKeyFlt: Define a CDI Z-axis floating point value from a key
int     cdiZaxisDefKeyFlt(int zaxisID, int key, double value);

//      cdiZaxisInqKeyFlt: Get a CDI Z-axis floating point value from a key
int     cdiZaxisInqKeyFlt(int zaxisID, int key, double *value);

/*      gridDefXname: Define the name of a X-axis */
void    gridDefXname(int gridID, const char *xname);

/*      gridInqXname: Get the name of a X-axis */
void    gridInqXname(int gridID, char *xname);

/*      gridDefXlongname: Define the longname of a X-axis  */
void    gridDefXlongname(int gridID, const char *xlongname);

/*      gridInqXlongname: Get the longname of a X-axis */
void    gridInqXlongname(int gridID, char *xlongname);

/*      gridDefXunits: Define the units of a X-axis */
void    gridDefXunits(int gridID, const char *xunits);

/*      gridInqXunits: Get the units of a X-axis */
void    gridInqXunits(int gridID, char *xunits);

/*      gridDefYname: Define the name of a Y-axis */
void    gridDefYname(int gridID, const char *yname);

/*      gridInqYname: Get the name of a Y-axis */
void    gridInqYname(int gridID, char *yname);

/*      gridDefYlongname: Define the longname of a Y-axis */
void    gridDefYlongname(int gridID, const char *ylongname);

/*      gridInqYlongname: Get the longname of a Y-axis */
void    gridInqYlongname(int gridID, char *ylongname);

/*      gridDefYunits: Define the units of a Y-axis */
void    gridDefYunits(int gridID, const char *yunits);

/*      gridInqYunits: Get the units of a Y-axis */
void    gridInqYunits(int gridID, char *yunits);

/*      gridInqXstdname: Get the standard name of a X-axis */
void    gridInqXstdname(int gridID, char *xstdname);

/*      gridInqYstdname: Get the standard name of a Y-axis */
void    gridInqYstdname(int gridID, char *ystdname);

/*      gridDefDatatype: Define the data type of a Grid */
void    gridDefDatatype(int gridID, int prec);

/*      gridInqDatatype: Get the data type of a Grid */
int     gridInqDatatype(int gridID);

/*      gridInqXval: Get one value of a X-axis */
double  gridInqXval(int gridID, int index);

/*      gridInqYval: Get one value of a Y-axis */
double  gridInqYval(int gridID, int index);

double  gridInqXinc(int gridID);
double  gridInqYinc(int gridID);

int     gridIsCircular(int gridID);

int     gridInqTrunc(int gridID);
void    gridDefTrunc(int gridID, int trunc);

/* Reference of an unstructured grid */

/*      gridDefNumber: Define the reference number for an unstructured grid */
void    gridDefNumber(int gridID, int number);

/*      gridInqNumber: Get the reference number to an unstructured grid */
int     gridInqNumber(int gridID);

/*      gridDefPosition: Define the position of grid in the reference file */
void    gridDefPosition(int gridID, int position);

/*      gridInqPosition: Get the position of grid in the reference file */
int     gridInqPosition(int gridID);

/*      gridDefReference: Define the reference URI for an unstructured grid */
void    gridDefReference(int gridID, const char *reference);

/*      gridInqReference: Get the reference URI to an unstructured grid */
int     gridInqReference(int gridID, char *reference);

/*      gridDefUUID: Define the UUID of an unstructured grid */
#ifdef __cplusplus
void    gridDefUUID(int gridID, const unsigned char *uuid);
#else
void    gridDefUUID(int gridID, const unsigned char uuid[CDI_UUID_SIZE]);
#endif

/*      gridInqUUID: Get the UUID of an unstructured grid */
#ifdef __cplusplus
void    gridInqUUID(int gridID, unsigned char *uuid);
#else
void    gridInqUUID(int gridID, unsigned char uuid[CDI_UUID_SIZE]);
#endif

/* Rotated Lon/Lat grid */
void    gridDefParamRLL(int gridID, double xpole, double ypole, double angle);
void    gridInqParamRLL(int gridID, double *xpole, double *ypole, double *angle);

/* Hexagonal GME grid */
void    gridDefParamGME(int gridID, int nd, int ni, int ni2, int ni3);
void    gridInqParamGME(int gridID, int *nd, int *ni, int *ni2, int *ni3);

  /* Lambert Conformal Conic grid (GRIB version) */
void gridDefParamLCC(int gridID, double missval, double lon_0, double lat_0, double lat_1, double lat_2, double a, double rf, double xval_0, double yval_0, double x_0, double y_0);
int gridInqParamLCC(int gridID, double missval, double *lon_0, double *lat_0, double *lat_1, double *lat_2, double *a, double *rf, double *xval_0, double *yval_0, double *x_0, double *y_0);

void    gridDefArea(int gridID, const double area[]);
void    gridInqArea(int gridID, double area[]);
int     gridHasArea(int gridID);

/*      gridDefNvertex: Define the number of vertex of a Gridbox */
void    gridDefNvertex(int gridID, int nvertex);

/*      gridInqNvertex: Get the number of vertex of a Gridbox */
int     gridInqNvertex(int gridID);

/*      gridDefXbounds: Define the bounds of a X-axis */
void    gridDefXbounds(int gridID, const double xbounds[]);

/*      gridInqXbounds: Get the bounds of a X-axis */
int     gridInqXbounds(int gridID, double xbounds[]);

/*      gridDefYbounds: Define the bounds of a Y-axis */
void    gridDefYbounds(int gridID, const double ybounds[]);

/*      gridInqYbounds: Get the bounds of a Y-axis */
int     gridInqYbounds(int gridID, double ybounds[]);

void    gridDefRowlon(int gridID, int nrowlon, const int rowlon[]);
void    gridInqRowlon(int gridID, int rowlon[]);
void    gridChangeType(int gridID, int gridtype);

void    gridDefComplexPacking(int gridID, int lpack);
int     gridInqComplexPacking(int gridID);

void    gridDefUvRelativeToGrid(int gridID, int uvRelativeToGrid);
int     gridInqUvRelativeToGrid(int gridID);

void    gridDefScanningMode(int gridID, int mode);
int     gridInqScanningMode(int gridID);

/* ZAXIS routines */

void    zaxisName(int zaxistype, char *zaxisname);
const char *zaxisNamePtr(int leveltype);

/*      zaxisCreate: Create a vertical Z-axis */
int     zaxisCreate(int zaxistype, int size);

/*      zaxisDestroy: Destroy a vertical Z-axis */
void    zaxisDestroy(int zaxisID);

/*      zaxisInqType: Get the type of a Z-axis */
int     zaxisInqType(int zaxisID);

/*      zaxisInqSize: Get the size of a Z-axis */
int     zaxisInqSize(int zaxisID);

/*      zaxisDuplicate: Duplicate a Z-axis */
int     zaxisDuplicate(int zaxisID);

void    zaxisPrint(int zaxisID);

/*      zaxisDefLevels: Define the levels of a Z-axis */
void    zaxisDefLevels(int zaxisID, const double levels[]);

/*      zaxisDefCvals: Define area types of a Z-axis */
void    zaxisDefCvals(int zaxisID, const char *cvals[], size_t clength);

/*      zaxisInqLevels: Get all levels of a Z-axis */
int     zaxisInqLevels(int zaxisID, double levels[]);

/*      zaxisInqCLen: Get maximal string length of character Z-axis */
int     zaxisInqCLen(int zaxisID);

/*      zaxisInqCVals: Get all string values of a character Z-axis */
int     zaxisInqCVals(int zaxisID, char ***clevels);

/*      zaxisDefLevel: Define one level of a Z-axis */
void    zaxisDefLevel(int zaxisID, int levelID, double levels);

/*      zaxisInqLevel: Get one level of a Z-axis */
double  zaxisInqLevel(int zaxisID, int levelID);

/*      zaxisDefNlevRef: Define the number of half levels of a generalized Z-axis */
void    zaxisDefNlevRef(int gridID, int nhlev);

/*      zaxisInqNlevRef: Get the number of half levels of a generalized Z-axis */
int     zaxisInqNlevRef(int gridID);

/*      zaxisDefNumber: Define the reference number for a generalized Z-axis */
void    zaxisDefNumber(int gridID, int number);

/*      zaxisInqNumber: Get the reference number to a generalized Z-axis */
int     zaxisInqNumber(int gridID);

/*      zaxisDefUUID: Define the UUID of a generalized Z-axis */
void    zaxisDefUUID(int zaxisID, const unsigned char uuid[CDI_UUID_SIZE]);

/*      zaxisInqUUID: Get the UUID of a generalized Z-axis */
void    zaxisInqUUID(int zaxisID, unsigned char uuid[CDI_UUID_SIZE]);

//      cdiZaxisDefKeyStr: Define a CDI Z-axis string value from a key
int     cdiZaxisDefKeyStr(int zaxisID, int key, int size, const char *mesg);

//      cdiZaxisInqKeyStr: Get a CDI Z-axis string value from a key
int     cdiZaxisInqKeyStr(int zaxisID, int key, int size, char *mesg);

/*      zaxisDefName: Define the name of a Z-axis */
void    zaxisDefName(int zaxisID, const char *name_optional);

/*      zaxisInqName: Get the name of a Z-axis */
void    zaxisInqName(int zaxisID, char *name);

/*      zaxisDefLongname: Define the longname of a Z-axis */
void    zaxisDefLongname(int zaxisID, const char *longname_optional);

/*      zaxisInqLongname: Get the longname of a Z-axis */
void    zaxisInqLongname(int zaxisID, char *longname);

/*      zaxisDefUnits: Define the units of a Z-axis */
void    zaxisDefUnits(int zaxisID, const char *units_optional);

/*      zaxisInqUnits: Get the units of a Z-axis */
void    zaxisInqUnits(int zaxisID, char *units);

/*      zaxisInqStdname: Get the standard name of a Z-axis */
void    zaxisInqStdname(int zaxisID, char *stdname);

void    zaxisDefDatatype(int zaxisID, int prec);
int     zaxisInqDatatype(int zaxisID);

void    zaxisDefPositive(int zaxisID, int positive);
int     zaxisInqPositive(int zaxisID);

void    zaxisDefScalar(int zaxisID);
int     zaxisInqScalar(int zaxisID);

void    zaxisDefLtype(int zaxisID, int ltype);
int     zaxisInqLtype(int zaxisID);

void    zaxisDefVct(int zaxisID, int size, const double vct[]);
void    zaxisInqVct(int zaxisID, double vct[]);
int     zaxisInqVctSize(int zaxisID);
const double *zaxisInqVctPtr(int zaxisID);
void    zaxisDefLbounds(int zaxisID, const double lbounds[]);